괴레메 야외 박물관(Goreme Open Air Museum. Göreme Açıkhava Müzesi). 카파도키아(Cappadocia)

괴레메 야외 박물관(Goreme Open Air Museum. Göreme Açıkhava Müzesi). 카파도키아(Cappadocia). 터키(Turkey)

 

Nunnery & Monastery

The 6-7 storey rock mass to the left of the Museum entrance is known as the "Nunnery". The dinning hall, Kitchen & some rooms on the first floor, together with the ruined chapel on the second level, can still be visited. The Church on the third storey, which can be reached through a tunnel, has a cruciform plan, a dome with four columns & three apses. The templon on the main apse is rarely found in Goreme's churches. Besides the fresco of Jesus, painted directly onto the rock, designs painet in red color can also be seen. The different levels of the Monastery are connected by tunnels, & "Millstone doors", such as those found in the undergrond cities, were used to close off these tunnels in times of danger. The tunnels connecting the levels of the Monastery, to the right, have eroded making it possilbe to only visit some of the ground floor rooms.

- 안내문에서 -

 

 

 

 

 

Elmali (Apple) Church

This church featuring four columns, nine domes & three apses is of the closed cruciform type. Access to the church is through a tunnel on the north side. The original entrance was on the south side.

The original decorations in this church consist of geometrical designs & crosses painted in red ochre directly onto the rock. This technique is also found in the Chapel of St. Barbara & St. Basil. The church has been dated back to the mid 11th century & the beginning of the 12th century

 

Scenes: Deesis, Nativity, Adoration of the Magi, Baptism, Raising of Lazarus, Transfiguration, Entry into Jerusalem, Last Supper, Betrayal of Judas, Way of the Cross, Crucifixion, Entombment, Anastasis, Women at the tomb, Ascension & Portraits of the Saints.

There are also scenes from the old testament (Pentateuch) such as the hospitality of Abraham & three young men in the fiery furnace.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chapel of St. Barbara

This Church is situated behind the rock housing Elmali (Apple) Church. It has a cruciform plan, with two columns. The North, sough & West arms of the cruciform are barrel vaulted, & the centre, the east arms, & the east corners are domed. There are a main, central apse & two side apses.

Motifs were painted in red directly onto the rock. The walls & the dome are decorated in a variety of motifs including geometrical patterns, mythological animals & military symbols. The walls also have motifs resembling stonework. This church dates back to the second half of the 11th century.

 

Scenes: on the main apse is Christ Pantocrator, on the north arm are St. George & the Dragon & St. Theodore, & on the west arm is St. Barbara.

- 안내문에서 -

 

 

 

 

 

Yilanli (St. onuphorius) Church

The main section is transversally rectangular & barrel vaulted, whereas the extended space to the south, which houses the graves, has a flat ceiling. The apse has hollowed out of the long wall on the left & the church was left uncompleted. The entrance to the church is from the north. Portraits of the respected Saints of Cappadocia are on either side of the vault. The church dated back to the 11th century.

 

Scenes: Opposite the entrance is a portrait of Jusus holding the bible in his left hand. The donor of the church is pictured beside Jusus. on the east side of the vault are St. onesimus, St. George & the Dragon, St. Theodore, & Helena holding the true cross with her son Constantine the Great. on the west of the vault is the long haired, naked St. onuphoius behind a palm tree, with St. Thomas in a sanctitying position beside him, & St. Basil holding a book.

In the first century AD people calling themselves "Hermits" lived in seclusion in the Egyptian deserts. They dedicated themselves to religion. In the 4th century, St Paphnutius travelled to Egypt to learn about the Hermits' way of life, & there he met St. onuphrius, whom the church was named after St. Paphnutius helped St. onuphrius while he was dying, as he was the bes example of moral values & self control. St. onuphrius is depicted as naked, long haired & broad chested, & a palm tree is in front of him

- 안내문에서 -

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Larder/Kitchen/Refectory

These three areas lie side by side & are connected by passageways. The first section was used as a Larder, with recesses hollowed from the rock being used as storage spaces. In the Kitchen there is a "Tandir", A type of oven still found in local village houses. The final section was the Refectory. A long table carved from the rock extends from the left of the entrance. This would have seated 40-50 people. To the right of the table is a winery hollowed in the floor used for squashing grapes.

- 안내문에서 -

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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