삼형제 건물(Three Brothers. Trīs Brāļi. Latvijas Arhitektūras muzejs). 리가(Riga)

 

삼형제건물(Three brothers.Trīs Brāļi. Latvijas Arhitektūras muzejs).

리가(Riga). 라트비아(Latvia)

 

archmuseum.lv‎

 

Three Brothers is a charming group of residential houses each from different century, the oldest dating back to the 15th century.

 

삼형제 건물은 서로 다른 세가지 건축양식으로 지어져 건물이 나란히 위치해 있는 특이한 풍경을 하고 있기에 삼형제 건물이라고 부른다.

 

리가시에서 가장 오래된 건물로 중세시대부터 바로크 시대까지 리가의 건축역사를 보여주며 가운데 위치한 건물은 리가 건축박물관으로 사용되고 있다.

 

Maza Pils거리의 17번지(15세기), 19번지(17세기), 21번지(18세기)에 나란히 있는 세건물을 삼형제 건물이라고 하는데 너무나 나란히 위치해있고 바짝 붙어있기 때문에 동시에 세 건물을 지은것일 거라고 생각하기 쉽지만 사실은 15세기, 17세기, 18세기에 각각 100여년 간의 시차를 두고 건설되었다.

당연히 세 건물 모두가 생김새가 각각 다른데 각 세기를 대표하는 건축양식으로 지어졌기 때문이다.

이는 15세기부터 18세기 유럽 건축양식의 진화 과정을 그대로 보여주고 있어서 관광객들로부터 호응을 이끌어내는 곳이다.

17번지(15세기) : 고딕 양식. 주거용으로 사용. 창문크기에 따라 세금부과해서 창문크기가 작음

19번지(17세기) : 현재 리가 건축박물관으로 사용

21번지(18세기) : 바로크 양식. 창작센터, 세금부과관련 사무실로 사용

"Three brothers" - Riga, Maza Pils iela 17, 19, 21
The name of this architectural ensemble has originated from a similar group of warehouses in Tallinn, bearing the name "Three sisters". The ensemble represents different development stages of medieval dwelling houses, when buildings were erected on narrow land plots.

The building in Maza Pils iela17 is the eldest masonry dwelling house in Riga (end of 15th -beginning of 16th century). The building has a gabled roof and gothic niches (the faēade also has some renaissance features). Initially the building had one room with a chimney-kitchen (jacket-chimney), the attic was used for storing goods. In 1697 there was a bakery in this house, and the building was therefore extended to the yard, and later also to the street side, thus eliminating a small front square, which suggests that from the beginning the streets of the Old Riga were wider (during the restoration in 1955-1957, managed by architect P.Saulitis, the extension was demolished).

The building in Maza Pils iela 19 gained its present look in 1646. The faēade of the building has some features of Dutch mannerism (restored after the drawing of J.C. Brotze dated 1785). The layout of the first floor is similar to that of the previous building. There is a spacious room with large checked windows above the low hall; some rooms are also located in the yard side of the second floor and in the attic. In 1746 a stone portal was added to the building.

The building in Maza Pils iela 21 has gained its present look at the end of the 17th century. The building has a baroque curved pediment, and a wooden staircase from the hall leads to small office rooms located in every floor of the building.

The backyards of all three buildings were united during the restoration, and stone portals, as well as the Riga Coat of Arms, were immured into the walls of the yard.

The architectural ensemble "Three brothers" is the location of State Inspection for Heritage Protection and Latvian Museum of Architecture.

Preliminary work for the establishment of Latvian Museum of Architecture was done in 1992, when Architectural drawings and manuscripts sector was established in Heritage Documentation Centre of State Inspection for Heritage Protection. The collection of drawings and biographies of architects, granted by architect Leons Plaucins, was systemised and collection of other items was continued.

Latvian Museum of Architecture was established upon order No.100 of the Minister of Culture of Latvia, dated 28 July 1994, and it started functioning as a structural unit of State Inspection for Heritage Protection located in the Old Town, Maza Pils iela 17. Mr. Janis Lejnieks was appointed Director of the museum by the order of the Minister of Culture. The official opening of Latvian Museum of Architecture took place on 19 April 1995 and was done by the Minister of Culture, with participation of the Prime Minister. The opening was marked by an exhibition of drawings from the collections of the newly established museum.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

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