칼튼 힐(Calton Hill) 안내. 에딘버러(Edinburgh)

칼튼 힐(Calton Hill) 안내.

에딘버러(Edinburgh). 스코틀랜드(Scotland)

edinburgh.gov.uk

  

 

영국 스코틀랜드 에든버러(Edinburgh)에 있는 언덕이다. 높이는 110m로 그리 높지 않지만 이곳 정상에서는 에든버러 시내를 한눈에 감상할 수 있다.

신시가지는 물론 거칠고 활량한 주변의 풍경과 멀리 바다까지 한눈에 들어온다.언덕 위에는 마치 그리스신전을 연상케 하는 건물과 넬슨 기념탑,나폴레옹 전쟁 전사자 기념탑이 있다. 이곳은 해질 녘에 가는 것이 가장 좋다.

 

Formed by violent volcanic activity 340 million years ago and gouged by flaciers during the Ice Age, Calton Hill has a long and fascinating history.

 

In 1724 the Town Council of Edinburgh purchased Calton Hill, establishing it as one of Britain's first public parks. In 1775 the first path was constructed around the Hill for 'the pleasure and amusement, and health of the inhabitants of this crowded city...'

 

 Today Calton Hill is part of The Old and New Towns of Edinburgh World Heritage Site.

Take the easy climb to the top and you will be rewarded with spectacular views over the city and the Forth. You can explore the many monuments built to commemorate some of Scotland's leading figures, climb the 143 steps to the top of the Nelson Monument, or follow the network of paths which still lead round the Hill.

 

We hope you enjoy your visit.

 

Welcome to Calton Hill

Calton Hill, together with Arthur's Seat and the Castle Rock, was formed by volcanic activity about 340 million years ago. Around two and a half millon years ago the first of many Ice Ages began in Scotland, and Edinburgh was buried under a massive ice sheet, hundreds of metres thick. Throughout each Ice Age when the glaciers were at their heaviest, the weight of ice carved and gouged out many of the hills you see today.

 

Volcanic eruptions, similar to this one, helped create Edinburgh's distinctive landscape

 

Little is known of Calton Hill's early history, but it may have been used 4,000 years ago by some of Scotland's earliest Bronze Age people. By the 1400s the Hill was hosting medieval toumaments and festivities, but a darker side emerged during the 1600s when the Hill was the site of public executions.

 

In 1724 the Town Council of Edinburgh purchased Calton Hill, making it one of Britain's first public parks. The monuments and buildings you see today date from the 1760s to the 1820s and relate to a period known as the 'Scottish Enlightenment', a time of great artistic, literary and scientific advances. one of the leading figures of the Enlightenment was the philosopher David Hume (1711-76). Hume was responsible for lobbying the Town Council to build 'public walks or roads for the health and amusement of the inhabitants' on Calton Hill. Today you can still stroll along Hume Walk, named in his honour.

 

David Hume, Historian and Philospher, 1711-1776, by Allan Ramsay

 

Offering spectacular views over Edinburhg and the Forth, Calton Hill was a rich source of inspiration for poets and artists. Robert Burns, JMW Turner and Jules Verne all visited the Hill. The famous photographer David Octavius Hill (1801-70) had his home and studio in Rock House at the foot of Calton Hill. With his partner, Robert Adamson (1821-48), the pair were responsible for some of the earliest documentary photographs ever taken.

 

Portrait of David Octavius Hill by Hill and Robert Adamson, mid 1840s

 

Today, Calton Hill is an important part of the Edinburgh World Heritage Site, and the perfect place to view the unique and contrasting characters of the city's Old and New Towns.

 

 

Why don't you... ?

1. Smile for the camera and have your photo taken with the National Monument

2. Look at Arthur's Seat from our south viewpoint and see the remains of an ancient volcano.

3. Stroll along Regent Walk for a stunning panorama from the Palace of Holyroodhouse to Edinburgh Castle.

4. Climb the 143 steps to the top of the Nelson Monument for fantastic 360˚ views over Edinburgh.

5. Peek behind the Dugald Stewart Monument for a great view over Old Calton Burying Ground.

6. Take a tour of Edinburgh's first observatory with the Astronomical Society of Edinburgh.

7. Stand at the highest point on Calton Hill and look over the Firth of Forth to Fife.

8. Walk in the footsteps of David Hume as you take the air along Hume Walk.

 

Use your eyes, look around.

Up in the air and down on the ground.

Can you find... ?

A dolphin hiding somewhere on Calton Hill

  Hint : look for a cannon

Part of Robert the Bruce's castle on Calton Hill

  Hint : look for a cairn.

 

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Regent Walk

The path to your right is Regent Walk and was created around 1815-16. Walk along it today and enjoy the outstanding views from the Palace of Holyroodhouse all the way to Edinburgh Castle.

 

Etching showing the construction of Waterloo Place looking towards Princes Street, c. 1818

 

By around 1800 Edinburgh was in need of a new jail and a site was chosen just below here on the south side of Calton Hill. But there was one problems: no proper roads went near the site. And so in 1815 the Town Council began works to improve access to the area by building Regent Road and Regent Bridge.

 

The new bridge spanned a fifteen-metre-deep ravine and together with the elegant, classical-styled buildings which lined Waterloo Place created a ceremonial entrance to the city.

Regent Bridge, built 1816-19

 

As part of this building work, an earlier waling route lower down the Hill was destroyed to make way for the new road, and Regent Walk was created in its place. The path was named in honour of George IV who became Regent as a result of his father's, George III's, illness.

 

George IV, 1820-1830, by Sir Thomas Lawrence

 

Regent Walk

A short walk with superb views towards the Old Town.

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