로제타석 (The Rosetta Stone). 대영박물관(The British Museum). 런던(London)

로제타석 (The Rosetta Stone).

대영박물관(The British Museum). 런던(London). 영국(England)

britishmuseum.org

 

 

1799년 나폴레옹의 이집트 원정군의 한 장교가 나일 강 근교의 로제타에서 발견한 비석.

길이 114 cm, 폭 72 cm 이며, 모양이 다듬어지지 않은 검은 현무암으로 되어 있다.

새겨진 내용은 국왕 프톨레마이오스 5세에 대한 찬사로, 기원전 196년에 쓰여진 것이다.

프랑스 학자 샹폴리옹이 고대 이집트의 상형 문자를 해독하는 데 실마리를 제공하였다.

 

 

The key to Egyptian hieroglyphs

 

As soon as the Rosetta Stone was discovered, scholars realised that it might help decipher the mysterious Egyptian hieroglyphs, since the Greek inscription, which could be read, stated that each script on the Stone recorded the same decree.

 

In England & France two exceptional men were working on hieroglyphs: Thomas Young (1773-1829) & Jean-Francois Champollion (1790-1832). Earlier scholars had already guessed that rings, or cartouches, in hieroglyphic inscriptions probably enclosed royal names. Young used the cartouches on the Rosetta Stone to work out that some hieroglyphs wrote the sounds of the Greek royal name Ptolemy, but he thought most hieroglyphs were symbolic images

 

Cartouche (Written form right to left)

Cartouche decoded

 

On 14 September 1822, Champollion went much further. He realised that he could also read the names of earlier, native Egyptian pharaohs. & that hieroglyphs must be signs that also write ancient Egyptian language. With his knowledge of the Coptic language, the descendant of ancient Egyptian, he could start to read hieroglyphic texts.

- 안내문에서 -

 

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