성 패트릭 성당 (St. Patrick's Cathedral)(4). 더블린(Dublin)

성 패트릭 성당 (St. Patrick's Cathedral)(4).

더블린(Dublin). 아일랜드(Ireland)

saintpatrickscathedral.org

 

Christ be with me, Christ within me,

Christ behind me, Christ before me,

Christ beside me, Christ to win me,

Christ to comfort and restore me,

Christ beneath me, Christ above me

Christ in quiet, Christ in danger,

Christ in hearts of all that love me,

Christ in mouth of friend and stranger.

                                                - The Breast Plate of St Patrick

 

 

Leave a message for a loved on who has been affected by war

 

 

The Lady Chapel

During the thirteenth century, cathedrals often contained a special chapel dedicated to the Virgin Mary. This Chapel of Our Lady, built by the Archbishop Faulk de Saundford, was finished around 1270.

In St. Patrick's the Lady Chapel has played a unique role in welcoming believers of other denominations. Having fled persecution in France, in 1666 Huguenot refugees were granted use of the Lady Chapel of their services by the Dean and Chapter. The Huguenots exercised a very important influence on the cultural and commercial life of the country. Services in French continued in the Lady Chapel until 1816.

 

For a few years, the Lady Chapel was used as a Chapter House. In 1845, Dean Henry Pakenham undertook the restoration of the Lady Chapel, which was conducted under the supervision of architect Richard C. Carpenter.

 

 

 

 

 

Erected by

The Ancient and most benevolent Order

of

Friendly Brothers of Saint Patrick

To the Memory of

Thomas freindly Ball Esq

Grand President of the Order

and

one of the Masters of his Majestys

High Court of Chancery.

In Him

The friendly order lost

a steady warm hearted zealous

and beloved brother

and the public

an active and most intelligent officer

his social virtues were of the highest order

emanating from a heart

fraught with the purest

benevolence

and at all times under the control

of a well regulated mind.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Choir

O Come, let us sing unto the ord: let us eartily rejoice

in the strength of our salvation. Let us come before his

presence with thanksgiving and show ourselves glad in

him with psalms.

                                                          - Psalm 95

During medieval times, cathedrals usually contained a long choir where all the monks and clergy sang the daily servies. The front row is occupied by the choristers, the second row by the vicars and gentlemen of the choir. The 26 canons of the Cathedral have their stalls in the third row.

 

The Choir was made the chapel of the Knights of St Patrick when that order of chivalry was established by King George III in 1783. Each knight was allotted a stall in the choir which was adorned with his banner, a symbolic sword, a symbolic helmet and crest and his coat of arms. A knight's robe was sky blue satin, lined with white silk.

 

The banners now hanging in the choir are those of the knights of the order in 1870. on the south wall, near the entrance to the south choir aisle, is an illustrated key to the peers they represent.

 

Edward, Prince of Wales, later King Edward VII, was the last knight installed in the Cathedral. After the disestablishment of the Church of Ireland in 1870, the order moved its ceremonies to the secular venue of St Patrick's Hall in Dublin Castle.

 

 

 

 

 

Church and War

In 1914 most denominations of the Christian church in Ireland supported participation in the war.

 

The Christian faith clearly condemns violence and killing of fellow human beings; however some clergy, both Protestant and Catholic, suggested that this new war was in fact morally legitimate.

 

On 7 August 1914 The Church of Ireland Gazette dealt directly with the question of whether participation in war was ever justified. The conclusion of this piece of editorial was that this was indeed a just war and had been caused by Austro-Hungarian desire for expansion. Should this be left unchecked, the implication was that their "secular policy" would extend across Europe. Despite Church approval of participation in war many individual soldiers struggled with the morality of killing.

 

As the full horrors of the war became apparent in 1915 support for the war effort began to decreae among members of teh Church in Ireland. However, many still maintained that war was morally justified. In 1916 the Dean of Saint Patrick's Cathedral suggested that Britain and her allies had not been defeated thus far because they were "chosen":

 

Now, at the entry of the war on its third year, we look back to its beginning,

and ask, with wonder, how it is that we have not been defeated long ago.....

The only explanation I can give is in the words of our Lord to His disciples:

"Ye have not chosen Me, but I have chosen you."

From a sermon preached by Dean Charles Ovenden, July 30, 1916

 

The Church of Ireland's current stance toward conflict is very different from that of a hundred years ago. War is today perceived as an enemy to all humanity.

Saint Patrick's Cathedral's newest monument, the Tree of Remembrance, remembers all those affected by conflict which signals a clear divergence with the attitudes of old.

 

"Churchmen are asking - Is war justifiable ?

It seems so thoroughly anti-Christian for men to

strive to kill on another in deadly conflict that the

question may be justified".

(The Church of Ireland Gazette August 7, 1914)

 

A group of Afghans hold a protest at the

Cathedral in response to conflict in their country.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Monuments in the Cathedral

The Majority of those who are memorialised in the Cathedral are from a specific demographic of society.

 

In medieval times to be buried or remembered in Saint Patrick's Cathedral was considered an honour which was reserved for only the most influencial: archbishop, members of the aristocracy and the extremely welthy  For many years it was also thought inappropriate for women to be buried or remembered in the Cathedral.

 

A large portion of the monuments within the Cathedral remember men who died while serving in the British Army. Most are from the officer ranks of the army and do not include any women. Many of these monuments, particularly those from the 19th Century, glorify death as a result of conflict.

 

This exhibition within Saint Patrick's Cathedral, focusing on Remembrance, affords us the opportunity to redress the balance. A monument has been commissioned to act as a centre piece to the exhibition: the Tree of Remembrance takes inspiration from the tree that appears in the Iveagh window in the North Transept. It invites all those who have been affected by conflict to leave behind a small prayer, message or thought. It is our hope that this contrasts with the exclusive nature of menuments from the past and suggest that conflict itself is the real enemy to humanity.

 

Tie a message to the barbed wire which surrounds

our tree of Remembrance if you wish to remember

someone who has been affected by conflict.

 

Lives Remembered

Saint Patrick's Cathedral Dublin

Welcome to the Lives Remembered exhibition in Saint Patrick's Cathedral. Prompted gy centenary of World War one, arguably one of the most destructive wars in Irish history, this exhibition explores

● how World War one affected Ireland and its impact on those connected to the Cathedral.

● the history of Remembrance within the Cathedral

● how we can remember all those whose lives have been affected by conflict throughout history

 

Small screens around the exhibition tell stories of individuals who were affected by World War one.

 

The illustrations bordering these panels are by the Irish artist Harry Clarke and have been taken from Ireland's Memorial Records which lists the names of over 49,000 men who died while serving in the British Army in World War one. An original copy of one of these books is on display in the exhibition.

Most of the objects, monuments and flags which relate to the 1914-18 period are in the area you are about to enter, however you will also find that a few are located elsewhere throughout the building.

 

At the centre of this exhibition is the Tree of Remembrance which is the first new monument to be added to the Cathedral in over 50 years. It serves to remember all those who have been affected by conflict. Visitors to the exhibition are invited to fill out a leaf-shaped tag with a message for a loved one who has been affected by conflict. Leaves can then be tied to the barbed wire which surrounds the tree.

 

To learn more, visit out website and access further content through the online version of this exhibition, www.stpatrickscathedral.ie/lives-remembered.aspx

 

 

The French Family Window

The window to the side of this panel depicts a knight, as a representation of chivalry, above an image of an injured soldier receiving comfort.

Three members of the French family from Dublin who died while serving in the British Army during World War one are remembered: Claude Alexander French died in 1915 aged 34, from wounds received in action. His younger brother Charles Stockley French was killed in action in 1915, aged 22, Bernard Digby Johns, the step-brother of teh French brothers, was killed in action near Ypres in 1916, aged 21.

 

One of these three men kept a small shard of glass from the destroyed Ypres Cathedral and brought it home to Dublin while on leave. It was given to the family as a souvenir from the front. By 1917 all three men had been killed and Saint Patrick's Cathedral accepted the dedication of a new window to them. The small shard of glass, saved from Ypres by one of the brothers, was incorporated into the new window and can today be seen just below the knight's feet.

 

"This week we have a new stained glass window in St. Patrick's"

(The Church of Ireland Gazette, 1917)

 

MCMXIV   MCMXIX

Royal Army Medical Corps

In memory of

743 Officers & 6130 Warrant Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers & Men

Who fell in the Great War, and whose names are enrolled in g Golden Book.

placed in the Chapter House, Westminster Abbey.

"They loved not their lives unto the death."

 

 

 

 

 

Hidden From View

" I remember a time when we would have stones thrown at us as

we walked into Remembrance Sunday Service."

(From Dean of Saint Patrick's Cathedral, Victor Griffin)

 

 

In the 1920s remembrance of the dead from World War one became a political and cultural issue in Ireland.

 

The war of Independence, the Civil War, and the establishment of the Free State separated most of Ireland politically and culturally from Britian. Remembrance of World War one was perceived as representing the "old' Ireland. In some case this view manifested itself ashostility toward those who engaged in remembering World War one.

 

The decision to place memorials and monuments which related to the war inside Church of Ireland churches excluded them from popular view. Remembrance Services such as those in the Cathedral took place outside the popular public consciousness.

 

Into the light

In November 1991 President Mary Robinson became the first non-Anglican President to attend annually the Remembrance Sunday Serive in the Cathedral. The end of "The Troubles" in Northern Ireland and the success of the peace process marked a renewed interest in Ireland's role in World War one. Nationalist and Unionist communities descovered that World War one was a common ground: both had participated and suffered equally in the war.

 

Today, Remembrance Sundary at Saint Patrick's Cathedral is broadcast annually on national radio, and local communities have begun to visit the Cathedral to learn about its life, history, and its role in remembering those who suffered because of conflict.

"For years the First World War has stood as a blank space in memory for many Irish people - an unspoken gap in the official narratives of this state. Thousands of Irish war dead were erased from official history, denied recognition, because they did not fit into the nationalist myth and its "canonical" lines of memory."

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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